Limbic System
The limbic system, situated approximately in the center of the brain, consists of various organs. It is involved in rapid unconscious processing, instinctive behaviors deep-seated emotions, and basic impulses such as anger, pleasure, and general survival. It has the power to override the executive function of the pre-frontal cortex. The limbic system consists of the amygdala, hypothalamus, thalamus among others.
Pre-frontal Cortex
The pre-frontal cortex is situated in the front part of the brain. As the "CEO" of the brain it performs mostly executive functions: judging, planning, concentration, weighing cost and benefits.
Amygdala
Almond-shaped organ, heavily involved in emotional responses (including fight-freeze-flight response), decision-making, and memory. Also, hard-drive for heavy emotional experiences.
Hypothalamus
Controls body temperature, hunger, fatigue, sleep.
Thalamus
Regulation of sleep, consciousness, and alertness.
Hippocampus
Memory and navigation.
Pituitary Gland
Known as „master gland" it produces, triggers glands to produce, and stores hormones - cortisol and oxytocin among many others.